Pepper may not be an acro kitty. He may be insulin resistant. We don't know if he's is or isn't. There are different issues related to dosing depending on the diagnosis. However, you're right -- you do raise the dose until there's a break through. With acro, the cause of the need for insulin is a pituitary tumor that revs up and down with regard to whether growth hormone is released. Acro cats have a functioning pancreas and are not diabetic in regard to the beta cells of the pancreas not working they way they should. With IAA, you need to get ahead of the antibodies in order for the insulin to begin to bring numbers down. With either of these conditions, numbers can rise or fall either because the tumor is not releasing growth hormone or because you have "squished" the antibodies. FWIW, Gayle (aka "Blue") has an acro cat that's OTJ.
There is a treatment for acro. Julie/Punkin or Tracy/Leo can fill you in on the details.