The idea with a dose decrease is that the green numbers that caused the drop under 50, and therefore the decrease in dose, will continue after the dose decrease. So if you're having long hours of green at, just for example, 2u, and then the cat drops under 50, and you decrease to 1.75u, those same long stretches of green should continue.
If you decrease the dose and the numbers trend upward, ie, you stop seeing those nice long stretches of green, then you should immediately go back up to the last good dose. There is no length of time to wait, except if there is a bounce and you want to see what the cat clears the bounce and gets to before deciding if you should increase back up.
Here's some more on
failed reductions.
This part: where insulin is being phased out when glucose levels have consistently been in the normal range for at least a week and then they rise with a decrease in dose.
is a separate issue. That's in the section on decreasing the dose, and what it says is that a cat can either "earn" a reduction by dipping below 50, or by having all of their tests between 50-120 (human) for the past 7 days.
I wouldn't worry about the phase part.
I think where your vet is perhaps confused, is that one needs to consider the depot's effect when deciding if you should decrease the dose or not, like I described earlier. But even if you weren't thinking about the depot and you decreased the dose, as soon as you saw a "regular" cycle, not a bounce cycle, and the nadirs were no longer in green numbers, you would then call it a Failed reduction and go right back to the last good dose.
Does that make sense? I don't see you deviating from the protocol. It's meant as a place to start, however, while you get to know your cat's own patterns. People do deviate from the protocol once they've learned the basics, in order to do what their cat needs. The basic idea of the protocol is to try to get a cat tightly regulated, between 50-120, so their body is protected, and if it's possible for the pancreas to heal and begin putting out insulin again.