OK, you get what I mean by "bounce", right? That a low BG that is not necessarily dangerously low, will cause her pancreas and liver to dump "sugar" into her blood instinctively. That can happen if she goes from whatever levels her body has become used to, to a level that her body feels is "too low" for comfort. It seems the only way to get past that is for the body to see the low numbers more often, so it "relearns" what normal is.
You may have read terms like "liver panic" or "liver training"? Another thing people say is that "kitties bounce until they don't".
So when I say that I don't see this as a bounce, it's because I'm not seeing any low numbers that would cause her pancreas and liver to react in this way. Now, no, that doesn't mean it isn't happening. We can't monitor BG 24 hours a day. But when you are testing every two hours, I would expect to see some "meter" evidence of low numbers that might explain the higher numbers that follow.
Vets and others like to use the term "Somogyi", but it gets way overused. Dr. Somogyi was born over a hundred years ago. He was the first doctor to administer insulin to a child, back in the 1920's. He developed the theory that excessive insulin resulted in higher blood glucose in diabetics. The important thing is that this theory is not proved, it's still considered a "theory".
This theoretical phenomenon was named after Dr. Michael Somogyi, a Hungarian-born professor of biochemistry at the Washington University and Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, who prepared the first insulin treatment given to a child with diabetes in the USA in October 1922.[2] Somogyi showed that excessive insulin makes diabetes unstable and first published his findings in 1938.[3]
Here's what I find important with his theory - (highlights are mine)
Somogyi and others[4] have claimed that if prolonged hypoglycemia is untreated, then stress due to low blood sugar can result in a high blood glucose rebound. The physiological mechanisms driving the rebound are defensive. When the blood glucose level falls below normal, the body responds by releasing the endocrine hormone glucagon as well as the stress hormones epinephrine and cortisol. Glucagon facilitates release of glucose from the liver that raises the blood glucose immediately, and the stress hormones cause insulin resistance for several hours, sustaining the elevated blood sugar.
Even if we agree that low numbers can trigger a response from the body that results in higher BGs after the lows, it says that the hypoglycemia is
prolonged and untreated. I don't see numbers on Lucy's SS that indicate that any low numbers have been prolonged. As far as untreated goes, what do we do when the numbers go low? We feed them, right? Or we rub karo on their gums. The only way to "treat" low BGs is to force them to go up. If you saw Lucy drop into green numbers well before her nadir, you'd feed her to slow or stop the drop in BG, correct? So we don't let hypoglycemia remain untreated. Not unless it happens for a prolonged period when we aren't at home to test them.
Looking at Lucy's SS, since September, there's only one entry that is green. And where the heck that number came from, I have absolutely no idea. But nothing that would indicate low numbers for an extended period of time.
There are things we don't know. Not sure what goes on during the wee hours of the morning. BUT, if I look at her daytime cycles, and how she responds to the morning doses, there's nothing that makes me think that the nighttime cycles are extremely different. Could she go lower overnight? Sure, but I don't believe she goes
that much lower.
Bouncing, other the other hand? Yes, she bounces. When I say "bounce" it isn't a chronic thing. It is what I described earlier. A quick instinctive boost to her BG going low that results in a high preshot the next cycle. If I look at 10/14's PM number, I can believe that overnight, she went low enough to cause a bounce, and she gave you an ugly red AMPS on the 15th. That looks like a bounce to me. The night of the 15th, you reduced to .8u, and over the course of the next couple of days, her morning numbers got better. By the morning of the 17th, she was giving you an AMPS that was right where the PMPS was the night before.
I had Lucy in for a checkup last week, (wanted her teeth checked out and they are just fine) and our vet thought Lucy might need to go up a half unit. She asked me to do a curve checking every two hours and let her know the numbers. She thought I might be missing the nadir. But also mentioned Somogyi effect.
I think her thinking you might be missing the nadir was a good thought, and having you check every two hours was a good idea. But today, Lucy didn't show you a nadir. It looks like the insulin didn't do much of anything. If anything, the curve is upside down or inverse. A frown instead of a smile.
There are two reasons, unfortunately, for an inverse curve. One, I think, is obvious. Not enough insulin. That's why I asked about when she ate. If she had eaten at +4 or later, and her numbers went up, that would explain the increase in the middle of the cycle. So would not enough insulin. She ate in the morning, the insulin had little effect, so her numbers went up and just hung out there. Once the food was gone from her system, there's no food continuing to push the BG up, and the insulin would be wearing off. So the numbers aren't going to rise much more, but they aren't going to drop much either. They just sit there.
She ended the 12 hour cycle right where she was at +2 when the BG was higher from breakfast.
The other theory is that an inverse cycle is caused by too much insulin (see why this diabetes thing is soooo much fun? Two completely opposite explanations for the same thing!). The problem I have in agreeing with this theory is that I think that it is dependent on a "chronic" type of situation. That her insulin dose needs to have been too high for too long, and causes a chronic internal body reaction to numbers that were low and it just keeps dumping sugar into her system. I don't see that data on the SS.
To me, it looks like "not enough insulin", but let's see what your vet thinks regarding the .5u increase. I happen to agree with her, but others may not. I think by advising an increase of .5u, your vet is trying to see if a "big" increase will show a result one way or the other. Either she's hoping for an obvious drop in BG (which would indicate that she is right), or further evidence that "somogyi" is what she's seeing. I think you should ask her if she's talking about a short lived boost in BG, or a long-term run of higher and higher numbers when she says "somogyi". One is chronic, and the other isn't.
I know that is a lot of stuff to take in when you don't feel you can concentrate tonight! But read it a couple times tomorrow before you talk to the vet again. :smile:
Carl